3D printing can encounter a variety of issues that affect print quality and success. Here are some of the most common issues and their possible solutions:
1. Poor print bed adhesion
Problem: The first layer does not properly adhere to the build platform, causing warping or complete print failure.
Solution:
Make sure the print bed is level and properly calibrated.
Clean the print bed surface to remove dust and oil.
Use a suitable print bed adhesive, such as glue sticks, tape, or a specialty spray.
Adjust the print bed temperature based on the filament type.
Reduce the print speed of the first layer and increase its extrusion width.
2. Layer shift
Problem: The layers are misaligned, causing the print to tilt or twist.
Solution:
Check for loose belts or pulleys and tighten them.
Make sure the stepper motors are operating properly.
Reduce the print speed to minimize mechanical stress.
Check for obstructions or mechanical interference with the printer's movement.
3. Stringing or oozing
Problem: Thin filaments appear between parts of the print.
Solution:
Adjust the retraction setting to ensure that the filament is pulled back before the print head moves.
Increase the travel speed to minimize the time the nozzle moves between print areas.
Reduce the print temperature to reduce filament viscosity.
Clean the nozzle to prevent excess filament buildup.
4. Warping
Problem: The edges of the print curl, causing deformation.
Solution:
Use a heated bed and adjust the temperature according to the filament type.
Apply an adhesive such as glue stick or hair spray to the build platform.
Print with an edge or raft to increase the bed contact area.
Ensure that the ambient temperature is consistent and avoid drafts and sudden cooling.
5. Underextrusion
Problem: Not enough filament is extruded, resulting in weak or missing layers.
Solution:
Check if the nozzle is clogged and clean if necessary.
Ensure the extruder gears are properly gripping the filament.
Increase the extrusion multiplier in the slicing software.
Verify that the filament diameter setting matches the actual filament.
